Science Fiction Blog

Thoughts on the science-fiction and fantasy genres, which emphasis more on books than on films or TV.

Is Lovecraft’s racism central to the horror?

I had an interesting if brief discussion on Twitter with feminist writer and activist Laurie Penny about H. P. Lovecraft. Despite his reactionary and misanthropic world-view, she’s a big fan and stated that his massive racism and sexism are an intrinsic part of the horror.

You don’t have to read much Lovecraft to recognise that his work is shot through with racism. It’s not just having a cat called “Nigger Boy”; stories like the iconic “Call of Cthulhu” are filled with awful racial stereotypes, and a primal fear of miscegenation lies at the heart of “The Shadow Over Innsmouth“.

Yet almost all Lovecraft fans I know are left-leaning in their politics and strongly anti-racist. This may just be a reflection of the sorts of people I hang out with online, but I can’t think of many HPL fans with robustly right-wing views. Certainly I’ve seen no evidence of hordes of Lovecraft fans who embrace his racism and sexism in the manner of a noisy faction of Robert Heinlein fanboys.

What are your feelings about Lovecraft? Do you or people you know find his racism too much to stomach? Are there hordes of ultra-reactionary Deep Ones that embrace his values who I’m blissfully unaware of?

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Remakes and Big Budget Fanfic

In a blog post entited Selling Last Year’s Model, Serdar Yegulalp laments the way the mass media constantly recycles the same characters and franchises rather than take risks in creating something completely new.

A big part of why we have a heap of broken images is because’ve managed to make it unsustainable to sell anything else but last year’s models. Curiosity has become an acquired taste, and an increasingly rarefied one. It’s easier to give people a variation on something they — and everyone else — already know, instead of trying to tickle their imaginations in a different way.

It’s certainly down to the fact that the bean-counters call the shots in the big media companies, and they’re getting more and more risk-averse when it comes to big budgets. So the end result is that since nobody will be fired for greenlighting yet another pointless remake or sequel, that’s what we get.

But Laurie Penny, writing in The New Statesman thinks the opposite. In a lengthy article about the Dr Who and Sherlock, she argues that what we’re seeing is fanfic on a grand scale, and that taps into a very long-established tradition.

Fan fiction is nothing new, and nor is the statement “fan fiction is nothing new”. Most discussions of the practice speak of Star Trek fanstories dating back to the sixties, and point to the influence of fan speculation on Joss Whedon when he was running Buffy. But actually, fan fiction is far older than that It wasn’t until the Romantic period that originality was considered an essential skill for a storyteller to have. Before then, a truly great writer would be distinguished by his ability – and it usually was his ability – to provide a new reading of a classic tale or legend, to bring a familiar character or archetype viscerally to life.

Fanfic gets a bad rep. We all remember the The Geek Hierarchy with its “People who write erotic versions of Star Trek where all the characters are furries, like Kirk is an ocelot or something, and they put a furry version of themselves as the star of the story”. But Penny highlights the positive aspects.

What is significant about fan fiction is that it often spins the kind of stories that showrunners wouldn’t think to tell, because fanficcers often come from a different demographic. The discomfort seems to be not that the shows are being reinterpreted by fans, but that they are being reinterpreted by the wrong sorts of fans – women, people of colour, queer kids, horny teenagers, people who are not professional writers, people who actually care about continuity (sorry).

Hands up who laughed at that last line…

And to finish, I can’t mention fanfic and canon without mentioning this post on Making Light. Remember where the word “Canon” comes from.

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Rany Jazayerli on Orson Scott Card

Wikimedia Commons

Wikimedia Commons

At a time where pretty much the whole of the SF community is debating whether or not to boycott the film Enders Game due to the virulant homophobia of author Orson Scott Card, this very personal history by Rany Jazayerli is well worth reading.

He paints a picture of a man of humanity and empathy who wrote “Enders Game” and it’s sequel “Speaker for the Dead”, who subsequently lost his mind in the aftermath of America’s national trauma of 9/11.

Since then Card has spend the last decade wandering deeper and deeper into the toxic swamp of far-right conspiracy theories, of which the aggressive homophobia is but the tip of the iceberg. In many ways, he’s not the same man who wrote those novels all those years ago.

If you’re debating whether to see or to boycott the film, then read Rany Jazayerli’s piece before making up your mind.

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The Inevitability of Formulaic Writing in Literary Fiction

Got to love this. Nick Mamatas reviews what seems a rather formulaic piece of “mainstream” fiction, written as a parody of the way Literary Fiction snobs routinely dismiss genre fiction.

As is well known, literary fiction is not taken very seriously by superior readers because the form is essentially formula. The protagonists are stock characters, a small handful of dramatic situations are raked over time and again, innovation is despised and mere competence celebrated (literary writing is even called “a craft”, along the lines of cabinetmaking or macramé), and all of the other elements of fiction are subsumed to tedious moral lessons suited primarily to the adolescents and arrested adolescents that read the stuff.

Read the whole thing, and it restates the case that “literary fiction” is as much a genre as science-fiction, romance or crime. It even identifies the genre’s defining tropes, one of which seems to be “Nothing apart from adultery happens until the very end of the book”.

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The Tarnishing of The Golden Age

I’ve always believed that many Science Fiction fans view the “Golden Age” of the forties, fifties and sixties through rose-tinted spectables. Writers like Isaac Asimov and Robert Heinlein opened up worlds of wonders in which bold explorers established galactic empires in which doors dilated, and when you’re about 14 you don’t really notice the stilted prose, cardboard characterisation and sometimes very dodgy politics.

Later generations of SF authors, from the 60s “New Wave” onwards were not only better writers, but had a rather more sophisticated view of history, culture and politics, and therefore haven’t dated anything like as badly.

Ian Sales clearly feels the same way, with his evisceration of Robert Heinlein’s The Moon is Harsh Mistress, still revered by many as a classic of it’s genre.

I can see no good reason why it is so well-regarded. In fact, I suspect its reputation is symptomatic of everything that is wrong with the genre and fandom.

And I can’t find myself disagreeing with that. Quite frankly, Heinlein fanboys can often be the sort of people who frequently give SF fandom a bad name.

Sales starts by taking aim at Heinlein’s crude sexism masquerading at enlightenment.

The “beautiful” bit is important, because every male that meets her has to look her up and down and whistle appreciatively. This is common practice when meeting an attractive female on the Moon. All women exist to be ogled by men, but it’s okay because they like it and they’re really in control. We know this from, well, from every book Heinlein has written, pretty much.

And then there’s a “Society without laws” which reads like a wet dream of the most detached-from-reality section of the American gun lobby.

The whole idea of a society succeeding because its members are free to kill each other without consequence – other than becoming a target for another murdering citizen – is just so stupidly dumb, I’m amazed Heinlein ever thought it workable. No, it wouldn’t lead to polite people, it would lead to dead people. And the survivors would be those more willing to kill than anyone else. This is not a village in some foreign land, either. It is on the Moon, where people cannot survive without technological assistance. So what happens if you kill the person who runs the air-plant? Everyone dies.

No, I haven’t read the book, though I’ve read other works of his, which have similarly reeked of sexism, casual sociopathy, preachiness and social & political structures that only work because the author stacks the deck. This book in particular has by reputation become one of the ur-texts for the persistent frontier-libertarian “Wild West in Spaaaace” trope of SF which Charlie Stross has very effectively demolished.

Commenter Martin McGrath makes a good point that Heinlein’s influence spreads beyond fandom.

In fact I think there’s a case to be made for the idea that Heinlein’s books is more important to the American right wing libertarian (Tea Party) movement than Ayn Rand because, while they pay lip service to Atlas Shrugged, it’s pretty clear that most of them have mostly read Heinlein and they’ve adopted the gung-ho militarism and nationalism that are absent in Rand’s work.

So, while it’s a bad book, it is an important book and one that should be dissected for its stupidities as often as possible – as you have done.

I suppose we ought to give Heinlein credit for one thing. His writing, and that of other rightwing SF authors who followed in his wake gave Britain’s Iain Banks something to react against. Without Heinlein, would be have had The Culture?

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Beware the Sexist Genre Police

Today’s eye-rolling dispatch from the trenches of the ongoing SF culture wars comes from an opinion piece by someone called Paul Cook writing for Amazing Stories entitled When Science Fiction is Not Science Fiction.

With his ridiculously narrow definition of what is and isn’t science fiction he reminds me a lot of the self-appointed “Prog Police” who troll progressive rock forums declaring that everything that doesn’t sound exactly like Emerson Lake and Palmer did in 1973 is not “proper prog”.

It doesn’t help that he starts out by dissing one of my all time favourite SF novels, Gene Wolfe’s complex many-layered “Book of the New Sun”.

Severian’s travels and adventures and storytelling (Book Two has a long fairy tale inserted in the middle of the novel that goes absolutely nowhere and adds nothing to the novel) are straight out of a YA rite-of-passage fantasy.

Gene Wolfe’s erudite style can be quite hard work sometimes, and SF critic Dave Langford once said that Wolfe excelled at “making him feel thick”. In which case Cook has a bad case of Dunning-Krugers here. Not only has he failed to understand anything of the book’s depths, but he doesn’t even realise the fact.

Once he gets to Lois McMaster Bujold, we get a side-order of added misogyny.

… the attention to detail that only women would find attractive: balls, courts, military dress, palace intrigues, gossiping, and whispering in the corridors. All of this is right out of Alexander Dumas.

With all this ridiculously passive-aggressive whining about SF novels being thinly-disguised romances, he manages to ignore the fact that much of his beloved “Military SF” is essentially Commando Comics in Spaaaaace, generic action-adventure stories that happen to set somewhere in the future.

He signs off with the usual disclaimer beloved of all trolls.

Of course, I’ve offended everyone who’s read this far–simply by having an opinion. But this essay has been about truth-in-advertising. I’m too old to put up with indulgences by books claiming to be one thing, but are really something else. I like my science fiction advertised as such, nothing more.

And then the comments section became a rotten tomato gallery, as often tends to happen when someone posts something egregiously stupid on the internet. Amazing Stories’ mods didn’t really cover themselves in glory when they shut down comments within 24 hours due to the number of negative comments. If you can’t handle the comments (which were not YouTube-style personal abuse, but mostly well-reasoned rebuttals to the article), then don’t write nonsense on the internet.

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My somewhat satirrical definition of Hard Science Fiction is “Anything that reads like a cross between an engineering textbook and a right-libertarian tract”. This might be one cause of the sexism in the SF world, in that few women are interested in writing that kind of stuff; instead insisting on having things like three-dimensional characters.

Posted on by Tim Hall | 2 Comments

We already know that Orson Scott Card is a loathsome homophobic bigot. Now it seems he’s also into white supremacist conspiracy theories. Who could possibly have guessed that he’s also a racist?

Posted on by Tim Hall | 2 Comments

The Science Fiction and Fantasy Writers of America have finally done the right thing and expelled the sexist, racist asshat Theodore Beale (Also known under the pseudonym “Vox Day”) after he used the SFWA authors’ Twitter feed to post a link to his blog post containing an extremely racist personal attack on the author N.K.Jemisin. One wonders how the 12 Rabid Weasels will respond…

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Talk of the Dr Who and Nu-Who’s over-use of corny plot devices has made me nostalgic for Terry Nation. As the man who gave us The Daleks, Nation understood science-fiction at a gut level in a way Steven Moffat never will. As well as writing some of the best of “old Who” (Who can forget “Genesis of the Daleks”?), Terry Nation also gave us “Blake’s 7″, “Survivors” and the underrated “Star Cops”. We need a present-day Terry Nation to write the same sort of grown-up, intelligent science-fiction without an American accent for today’s audiences.

Posted on by Tim Hall | 2 Comments