Of Genres and Canons

If you divide music into “Classical” and “Pop”, but don’t make any distinction between “Pop” from “Rock”, a record like King Crimson’s “Red” gives a divide-by-zero error.

It’s one of the high points  of the progressive rock movement, an ambitious and powerful collection of music far removed from simple top-40 pop songs. Yet it’s performed by a rock band with electric guitar as the main instrument rather than a symphony orchestra.

If you’re reading this blog, you almost certainly know all that. But this post isn’t really about Red, but about the wider divide between “high” and “low” art, and whether such a divide is still meaningful, or even if it ever was.

It reminds me a bit of my old school music teacher, Mr Macey. He was an old-school traditionalist for whom only orchestral music in the Western classical tradition qualified as real music. Anything played on electric instruments was ephemeral nonsense. I suspect he genuinely believed rock’n'roll was a passing fad and none of it would pass the test of time.

He was wrong, of course, but back in the mid-1970s it was still possible for someone to hold that position without looking like a ridiculous old reactionary. Much of what we now consider as the rock canon was either less than a decade old, or had yet to be written. The fact we’re still listening to some of that music forty years on shows that it has stood the test of time rather better than the so-called “squeaky hinge” work that some classical composers were writing at the same time. But it’s also notable that the way rock fans dismiss music made from samples and computer-generated rhythms sounds a lot like the arguments used against rock by my old music teacher.

The whole high art vs. low art thing is really about social class. In past centuries, “classical” was the music of the rich, and “folk” was the music of the poor, and the former was put on a pedestal at the expense of the latter because the people with the money wrote the histories. The rise of the middle classes and the development of amplified electric music disrupted that hierarchy, but old prejudices die hard.

I wonder how the music of the past fifty years will be regarded in a hundred years time? What will pass the test of time, and will today’s genres of classical, folk, jazz or rock still make any sense to listeners who encounter the music in a completely different cultural context?

Posted in Music Opinion | Tagged | 3 Comments

#RIP Twitter?

Fail WhaleSo Twitter is apparently planning to replace the current reverse-chronological timeline with a new “algorithmic feed” which will prioritise the things the writers of the algorithm think you most what to see. The chorus of raspberries from Twitter users is such that the hashtag #RIPTwitter is trending, and was #1 at one point.

Yes, it’s a bad idea, and on the surface it looks like yet another attempt to turn Twitter into a low-rent copy of its bigger rival Facebook, oblivious to the fact that many of us prefer Twitter because we don’t care for the Facebook experience. The chorus that the sky is falling may be overstated, but the way everyone is immediately assuming the worst is indicative of the way Twitter’s user base no longer trusts the company.

It may be that Twitters strategy is for the basic Twitter apps, especially the web version, to be dumbed-down products aimed at new users, with the power users responsible for much of Twitter’s content steered towards Tweetdeck and third-party apps. We shall have to wait and see.

I know I’m not the only person who uses Twitter for real-time conversations, as a kind of personally-curated chatroom. Algorithmic feeds risk breaking that use-case. There are also justified concern that algorithmic feeds will reinforce existing power hierarchies, with even the most inane posts from celebrities prioritised over the speech of ordinary people. There’s another darker fear that it’s a trojan horse for filtering feeds in the interests of corporate and political agendas, weakening the ability to speak truth to power. Finally we should also not underestimate the way Facebook’s notorious Edgerank algorithm contributed towards poisoning the rest of the web by encouraging the worst kind of clickbait.

Many people are rightly complaining that Twitter devotes more time and energy to new features nobody asked for while doing too little about Twitter’s known problems with harassment. That’s a whole ‘nother issue I’ve covered elsewhere. But in passing I do wonder how many of those who advocate loudly for centralised moderation would change their tune the moment one of their own got permabanned for leading one witch-hunt too many.

But in the end perhaps we should be asking ourselves whether we should invest so much of our online presence and social connections in corporate platforms we do not own and do not control. Maybe it’s time to stick a fork in social media and go back to blogs and RSS aggregators. Not as a retro attempt to recreate the web of a decade ago, warts and all, but something that learns the lessons from what social media does well. Something that combines the ease-of-use of Facebook and Twitter but without a central hub controlled by a single untrustworthy company that could pivot and any time.

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John Mitchell releases The Nostalgia Factory

The Nostalgia FactoryJohn Michell of Lonely Robot, It Bites, Arena, Frost* and The Heather Findlay Band fame has somehow found the time to record a four track EP of covers, “The Nostalgia Factory”.

The title track is a very early Porcupine Tree song. The EP also includes Justin Hayward’s ‘It Won’t Be Easy’ and Phil Collins ‘Take Me Home’, the latter of which featured as the encore at the Lonely Robot showcase show at The Scala last December. The final song is ELP’s ‘C’Est La Vie’, which shares the same origins as Panic Room’s “Bitches Crystal”, recorded for the ill-fated Prog Magazine cover disk of ELP covers.

The EP< which also features Kim Seviour on backing vocals is released on 26th February, but can be pre-ordered now from White Star Records.

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Why It’s a Critic’s Duty to Be Wrong

Interesting post on Criticwire; A.O. Scott and Why It’s a Critic’s Duty to Be Wrong. It’s really about film criticism, but it’s the sort of thing that’s more widely applicable, including music criticism.

Criticism isn’t meant to be the final word but an opening statement, or, increasingly, a volley in the potentially unending ping-pong match between writers and readers — to the extent that distinction is even meaningful anymore. Critics should try to be right, of course, whatever that means in the context of a largely subjective medium. (My definition: Passionate but controlled; true to the aesthetic and moral principles you’ve articulated and evolved over the course of your critical career. Also, try to spell the names right.) But there’s nothing more dangerous to a critic than the ironclad belief in their own rightness.

A couple of things resonate quite strongly here. The first is that anyone who’s too afraid of being wrong will be less effective as a critic. We’ve all seen reviews where the reviewer won’t commit to saying whether the record is good, bad or indifferent, and instead dances around the subject with a load of anodyne waffle. Worst still is groupthink, when the reviewer is afraid to be the one who’s out of step with everyone else. It’s the reason I  never read other reviews of a record before I’ve written my own.

The second is that reviews are ephemeral compared to their subjects. For new releases a review is only relevent during a record’s release window. Once a critical mass of people have had the chance to hear it for themselves, anything you write is old news. In the case of a high-profile major act that window is measured in days. For a small independent release that relies on word-of-mouth for promotion it’s more like months, and reviews are an important part of that word-of-mouth process. In many cases the most significant thing is the fact that you’ve chosen to review it at all.

Eventually the record will either become part of the canon, for some given value of canon, or it will sink into obscurity. Either way, subsequent writing about them will read in a very different context, even if the writer or reader is discovering the actual music for the first time.

To give an example, Pink Floyd’s “The Wall” now has an assured status in the rock canon, with Dave Gilmour’s “Comfortably Numb” recognised as a rock standard. Few remember or care about Sounds’ Dave McCulloch’s one-star review that complained that there were too many guitar solos.

I’ve just written a strongly negative review of a record by one of the biggest names in progressive rock. Judging by subsequent conversations a lot of others share my opinion. But there are some strongly positive reviews out there of the same record that declare it a masterpiece. And here’s the important thing; none of these reviews are wrong. They’re all part of the conversation. Eventually a consensus will emerge, even if that consensus is that it’s a Marmite record that divides opinion.

And yes, sometimes you will look back at a record you praised or damned, and realise you were completely wrong about it.

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Elkie Returns!

As reported by Prog magazine, former Touchstone singer Kim “Elkie” Seviour reveals album plans.

She plans to release a solo album to be produced by and co-written with John Mitchell of Lonely Robot, Frost*, Arena and It Bites fame, a man who’s in so many bands because he’s so prolific that nobody else can keep up.

There is to be a single “Fantasise To Realise” released next month, a standalone track that will not feature on the album.

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Die Krankenhausbahn

The delightful narrow-gauge railway serves the hospital in the Austrian city of Lainz, transporting food from the central kitchens to the wards.

There cannot be many hospitals in the world where the hospital porters get to play trains, and I do wonder if it was an inspiration for the Castle of Bequest in Iain Banks’ novel “Walking on Glass“.

Filmed in 2009, I have no idea if this railway is still operating today. But I hope it is.

Posted in Travel & Transport | 1 Comment

Television and Film Crossovers We’d Like to See

Some silliness that started on Twitter. Twitter is good for things like this, especially late at night. What crossovers between different television and film properties would we like to see. Forget Dr Who meets Star Trek when The Doctor joines forces with Starfleet to defeat an alliance of Daleks and Klingons. We can surely be far more creative than that.

Eastenders and The Blob

Because who doesn’t want to see the entire cast of the world’s most annoying soap opera eaten by a giant alien blob from outer space?

Later with Jools Holland and Night of the Lepus

Mediocre indie bands attacked by giant carnivorous rabbits. With a soundtrack of boogie-woogie piano. What’s not to like about that?

BBC Question Time and The Teletubbies

Because Tinky Winky, La-La, Dipsy and Po will always make more sense than Nigel Farage.

The Clangers and H.G.Well’s War of the Worlds

With the aid of the Iron Chicken, the comet-dwelling pink rats build a fleet of tripod war machines and lay waste to Woking. Did you know each tripod has a Clanger sitting in the cockpit and aiming the heat-ray?

Crossroads (the legendary 70s soap opera) and Crossroads (the Robert Johnson blues standard)

Starring Stevie Vai as The Devil’s guitarist, scaring the life out of Benny.

Posted in Science Fiction | Tagged , | 5 Comments

Dream Theater – The Astonishing

DreamTheater - The AstonishingDream Theater are a band who strongly divide opinions. For some they’re the epitome of progressive metal, with levels of instrumental virtuosity that render them without peers. For others, they’re all emotionless technical showboating, too many notes and not enough soul. The truth is probably somewhere between the two, but there’s no denying they’re one of the genre-defining bands of their generation.

They’ve been coasting a little in recent years, releasing albums that have their moments but don’t quite reach the heights of the 1990s work that made their reputation. Their last great record was 2002′s “Six Degrees of Inner Turbulence”, and their thirteenth studio effort, like that one, is also a double album.

The Astonishing is a sprawling ambitious concept album with a science-fantasy storyline that includes The Map and a vast cast of character with names like Emperor Nafarys and Faythe. The concept and music owe as much to musical theatre as to progressive rock. Unfortunately what could have been their 2112 turns out a lot more like their version of Kiss’ “The Elder”. Except The Elder didn’t go on for two and a quarter hours.

It starts strongly with the instrumental Dystopian Overture, but it soon becomes clear that they’ve spread themselves far too thin, and there just isn’t enough worthwhile music here to fill a double album. There is very little that stands out strongly, and there’s too much mediocre filler, often with melodies Graham Kendrick would have rejected as too banal.

The problem with this record isn’t too much unrestrained instrumental virtuosity. If anything, the opposite is true; a few tasteless irruptions of widdly-woo might have livened up some of the dull bits. The biggest problem with this album, aside from the sheer amount of filler, is that there’s far too much of James LaBrie, and he’s never been one of the world’s most expressive singers. Not only that, the sheer portentousness of the whole thing gets wearing after a while, eventually leaving you with the feeling that only metal bands with enough of a sense of humour to include undead unicorms should be making science-fantasy concept albums.

It does have its moments, such as “A New Beginning” towards the end of disk one with its inventive spiralling solo from John Petrucci. The album does leave the impression that there might be a worthwhile 50-minute album in there struggling to get out. But the listener has to wade through a lot of forgettable dross to find enough diamonds in the rough.

Dream Theater remain a hugely important band in the history of progressive rock, but sadly this record adds little to their legacy. Anyone new to the band would do better to give this album a miss and instead go for one of the classic earlier ones instead.

Posted in Record Reviews | Tagged , | 7 Comments

The Future of Twitter

The media has been awash of late with suggestions that Twitter is dying, because its user base has stopped growing and the share price has fallen. It’s true that it’s nowhere near the size of Facebook. But people were predicting the imminent death of Facebook years ago, but it doesn’t seem to gone away. Twitter’s problem is unrealistic expectations; it’s failed to displace Facebook as the world’s number one social network. But it’s still become something substantial in its own right.

Twitter has probably plateaued now, but has enough of user base to ensure that it’s going to be around for a long time yet. Though not as big as Facebook it’s got a big enough network multiplier effect that people are going to use it in preference to smaller competitors who will struggle to break out of their niches.

Twitter’s biggest problem is that it’s still terrible at dealing with harassment, especially the pile-on attacks you get when someone with a substantial bully pulpit sets their followers on some poor nobody who’s got in their way.

Twitter does need to address this, but there are differing opinions as to exactly how they need to do it.

David Auerbach has called for a radical rethink on how Twitter handles conversations. Meanwhile Kasimir Urbanski suggests that the sky is falling, the authoritarians are taking over and it’s time to create a free speech alternative.

Twitter really has three options

  • Do nothing on the grounds that any solution will cause more problems that it will solve.
  • Publish much stricter terms of service, and throw a sufficiently large number of human moderators at the problem.
  • Do what David Auerbach suggests and devolve moderation to the user level.

The first of those is almost certainly not an option. Despite the protestations of noisy libertarians, Twitter does have a real harassment problem, and it can’t all be dismissed as the whining of bullies who dish it out but can’t take it. It’s true that some activists have a very subjective and highly politicised definition of harassment. It’s true that not all victims are women and not all perpetrators are men. But there is enough evidence to suggest that women pay a far higher price in terms of harassment for expressing remotely controversial opinions. If you still think that’s not a problem, I refer you to the word “privilege” (I dislike the term and it’s often misused, but there are times when it’s still appropriate. This is one of them). And no, third-party block lists are not the solution, they have too high a cost in false positives.

Twitter seems to be going for the second option, and it’s the one place I agree with Kasimir Urbanski, it’s not going to work. Human moderation can work very well for community sites, but only where there is a level of trust between the moderators and the community. Twitter is not a single community but many, many overlapping ones, most of which have few shared values in common. The failure modes of a mass human moderation approach are easy to imagine, and we’re already seeing worrying signs of this. We’ll see high-profile figures perma-banned “pour encourager les autres” because they’ve offended some other high-profile person or group with whom Twitter wants to curry favour. There will be no transparency, and who does and doesn’t get banned for near-identical behaviour will depend on who has the right friends or the right politics. Trust will evaporate.

Which leaves the third option, as proposed by David Auerbach. It’s not actually as radical a change as he suggests it is. It’s just a matter of applying some kind of reputation ranking on who can appear in your notifications, based on who the people you follow have either followed or blocked. They could have some kind of “traffic light” system; Green people are those who plenty of your friends follow and none have blocked. Red people are those many of your friends have blocked, or have accumulated many blocks relative to their tweet and follower counts. Amber people either those for whom not enough information is available, or your friends are divided over whether they follow or block them.

It’s not necessarily perfect, and there is a danger of echo chambers, which have their own problems. Whatever algorithms they use need to be designed to short-circuit anyone who tries to game the system by mass-blocking people they don’t like for reasons other than harassment, and that’s probably easier said than done.

Posted in Social Media | Tagged | 1 Comment

The Guardian, Coldplay and Cultural Appropriation

The Guardian posted an article accusing Coldplay of “Cultural Appropriation” over their new music video filmed in India. Regardless of the rights and wrongs of the video itself, there was  an implied subtext that any western musicians who include elements of non-western cultures in their art are guilty of racism.

A band most of whom I know personally have recently released an album with lyrics strongly influenced by Indian spirituality. Does that mean that they too are guilty of racism? Does that mean I’m guilty by association through supporting them and giving their album a positive review?

Fortunately enough people whose opinions I trust have dismissed that piece as little more than sub-Buzzfeed button-pushing clickbait. It’s a largely fact-free thinkpiece that doesn’t cite sources or do any proper journalism. It’s the sort of thing you might expect to find on someone’s personal blog, but we ought to expect higher standards from a national newspaper with a long and illustrious history. It’s telling that under The Guardian’s new policy on articles that touch on race, the piece has no comment section, so they won’t get flooded with responses telling them how ridiculous it is. It’s also telling that the writer picked an obvious soft target, a hugely popular but deeply unfashionable band despised by much of The Guardian’s readership.

Cultural Appropriation is a bit of a minefield. It ought to be easy to understand why simplistic racist caricatures belong in the past, or why you should be careful when using sacred religious symbols outside the context of your own faith. Coldplay might even be guilty of those things. But Social Justice Warriors (I hate that term, but it seems to have stuck) take things much further; any attempt by white westerners to create art that references any aspect of non-western cultures is denounced as “problematic”, their term for “sinful”. The truth is there is an enormous grey area between those two extremes, but ideological absolutists don’t do grey areas. So much great music has arisen from cross-fertilisation between different cultures, something which would be squashed if those who would police art in this manner had their way.

There’s a whole cultural ecosystem of media pundits who earn a living playing on misplaced white liberal guilt. Nobody wants to be thought of as racist or sexist, so too much nonsense ends up going unchallenged. The whole subject of Cultural Appropriation is ideal territory for these people. It’s hardly surprising that it was meat and drink for the notorious predator Requires Hate who did so much harm within the world of science-fiction.

Posted in Religion and Politics | Tagged , , , | 1 Comment